Gender, Power & Lady Macbeth: Was Shakespeare A Sexist? + DSH Dirty Rose ‘unsex me’ Draw

 

Hatshepsut

 

March 8, 2011 was the 100th  International Women’s Day, which gave me pause; why women have their own day (and men do not) and about how powerful women are and have been perceived throughout history. How many times have you heard, “she wears the pants in the family”? In 1490 BC Queen Hatshepsut crowned herself King or Pharaoh of Egypt as did Cleopatra and Nefertiti; they ruled in their own name.

 

 

Golda Meir (my personal favorite) comes to mind as the head of state for Israel.  England has a history of self-ruling monarchs in Queen Elizabeth I, Queen Victoria, the double women’s whammy of Margaret Thatcher (who quipped 'I owe nothing to Women's Lib') and Queen Elizabeth II defined the UK in the 80s. Many of U.S. baby boomers can remember when Hillary Clinton was laughed at for her pantsuits as Bill Clinton had trouble keeping his pants zipped.

 

So do women’s rule? Yes. But I am convinced WilliamShakespeare was a sexist. After all in his will, Will gave his wife their second best bed.  Where were pre-nups when you needed them?  Shakespeare portrayed many strong female characters (this from the man who wrote “Frailty thy name is woman” about Hamlet’s own mother Gertrude) including Lady Macbeth of Macbeth, Portia from Merchant of Venice (let’s add anti-Semitic) and Kate from the Taming of the Shrew. But was he a sexist or a victim of his time. My vote is sexist, since Queen Elizabeth was on the throne in 1597 when he opened his Global Theatre.

Shakespeare portrays women as crafty, who use female methods of achieving power— that is, the notion of manipulation— to further their supposedly male ambitions. Women, the play implies, can be as ambitious and cruel as men, yet societal constraints deny them the means to pursue these ambitions on their own.

 

John Williams Waterhouse

 

Lady Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's most famous female characters. When we first see her, she is already plotting the current King's murder. She is stronger, more ruthless, and more ambitious than her husband. She may seem frightening, but she is frustrated; she will have to push her husband Macbeth into committing murder in order for him to become King.

 

Unsex me here,
And fill me from the crown to the toe topful
Of direst cruelty!

Macbeth Act 1, scene 5, 38–43

 

At one point, she wishes that she were not a woman so that she could do it herself (this is a recurrent theme examining the relationship between gender and power) and is key to understanding Lady Macbeth’s character. Her husband implies that she is a masculine soul inhabiting a female body, which seems to link masculinity to ambition and violence.

 

 

The deed is done by her husband Macbeth. But it is Lady Macbeth who calms her husband's nerves immediately after the murder. In short order, guilt begins to plague her and create a nightmarish existence .By the close of the play, we watch as this once sure and steady woman loses her mind; she is constantly and desperately trying to wash away an imaginary bloodstain. Lady Macbeth is unable to cope. Significantly, she (apparently) kills herself, signaling her total inability to deal with the aftermath of their crimes.

 

Lady Macbeth is all woman, and Shakespeare, seems to use her, and the Witches, (“something wicked this way comes”) to undercut Macbeth’s idea that “undaunted mettle should compose / Nothing but males” (I.vii.73–74). Shakespeare portrays women as crafty, who use female methods of achieving power— that is, the notion of manipulation— to further their supposedly male ambitions. Women, the play implies, can be as ambitious and cruel as men, yet societal constraints deny them the means to pursue these ambitions on their own.

 

"Here's the smell of the blood still;

all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten

this little hand. Oh, Oh, Oh!" 

 

 

 

 I chose Dawn Spencer Hurwitz’s Dirty Rose as the scent of Lady Macbeth, a natural fragrance in keeping with scents worn during the 17th century. The fragrance was first marketed to men, until DSH and I spoke about broadening its reach. It’s bizarrely beautiful, uniting the regal and feminine notes of Egyptian Rose Geranium, Centifolia Rose Absolute, Gallica Rose Otto with Virginia Cedar, Leather and Tobacco Absolute. And the perfumes of Arabia? They are Myrrh, Frankincense and Oud… creating a bewitching scented "un- i- sex me" brew.

 

Michelyn Camen, Editor-in-Chief

 

 

  Editor's NoteI chose Golda Meir not for creed ,color or religion, but her abilty to lead a tiny war torn nation,  her reluctance to go to war knowing the blood shed and horror. She preferred peace . She became  Prime Minister late in her life and this is my favorite quote: “It is true we have won all our wars, but we have paid for them. We don’t want victories anymore’.

 

Our draw is for 1 ounce EDP of DSH Dirty Rose. Please leave a comment about gender and power, Dawn Spencer Hurwitz, your favorite female ruler, whether Shakespeare is a sexist or a victim of his time, Lady Macbeth, and/or your favorite female head of state past or present.  Draw ends March 11, 2011 at 2:00 p.m ESt.  As a bonus the commentor who can name the most actors, directors and actresses in the plays mentioned in this article will win a .25 oz travel spray of Dirty Rose.

 

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44 comments

  • Claudia Kroyer says:

    LOl…yep women rule the world…the men just don't know it or chose to ignore it 🙂 There were a few Ancient Egyptian Queens that ruled alone one of them was the famous Hatshepsut she ruled for 20 years after her husbands death…..and i could see her wearing Dirty Rose as well as i could see myself wearing it.  Dawn really has some fabulous creations. Great article Michelyn.

  • taffynfontana says:

    Shakespeare was a man of his time and perhaps that makes him a sexist in that context. My favorite female ruler was Violeta Chamorro the first female president of Nicaragua. please enter me in the draw I just love Dawn Spencer Hurwitz. 

  • Michelle Hunt says:

    What an interesting article..I do believe history class would have been more interesting if perfumery had been tied into my lessons :-). 
    I appreciate the thought that goes into Dawn's work…and the thought of an alternate spin on the classic rose note is intriguing.  Please enter me in the draw.  Thanks for the opportunity! 

  • I'd love to be in the draw! This perfume sounds amazing.
     
    We need to remember that Shakespeare's female parts were played by men, so writing strong females doesn't seem like a stretch. But I also think that someone who could write such diverse parts for women must have at least appreciated them. When I think sexism, I think stereotyping.

  • yes Tama , but they always had a tragic or comic ending. he left his wife a bed in his will. he was a product of his times, but his Queen may have had a different pov 🙂

  • ElizabethN says:

    Oh, Dirty Rose is nice. I'd love to win this, as I love several of Dawn's scents. Sexist is a relative term, but I don't know Shakespeare well. My favorite queen(s): Cleopatra, the Byzantine queen Theodora, Elizabeth I, and Eleanor of Aquitaine Queen of England. All strong, independent, and intelligent women.

  • taffynfontana says:

    oops I forgot to name the actors and directors:Franco Zeffirelli's 1990 film of Hamlet stars Mel Gibson as Hamlet  with Glenn Close as Gertrude, Alan Bates as Claudius and Helena Bonham Carter as Ophelia. 96 Hamlet kenneth Branagh, Kate Winslet as Ophelia,Derek Jacobi as Claudius, Julie Christie as Gertrude, Richard Briers as Polonius, Nicol Williamson as Hamlet ,Marianne Faithfull as Ophelia, Anthony Hopkins as Claudius ,Judy Parfitt as Gertrude,Mark Dignam as Polonius, Gordon Jackson as Horatio.,2000 Michael Almereyda Director Ethan Hawke as Hamlet, Julia Stiles as Ophelia, Kyle MacLachlan as Claudius ,Diane Venora as Gertrude,Liev Schreiber as Laertes, Bill Murray as Polonius, Richard Burton as Hamlet, Hume Cronyn as Polonius, Eileen Herlie as Gertrude, Alfred Drake as Claudius. Edwin Booth played Hamlet and Sarah Bernhardt, Roman Polanski directed Macbeth as did Orson Wells, Merchant of Venice has Al Pacino as Shylock, Jeremy Irons as Antonio, Joseph Fiennes as Bassanio. Taming of the shrew has Elizabeth Taylor, Richard Burton Directed by Zefirelli.
     

  • Margaret Thatcher didn't think trivial little things like women getting the vote, having access to education and being allowed to work outside the home had *anything* to do with her having been elected?  Hrmm.

  • I think Shakespeare was a creature of his time — with regard to gender, class and race. The fact that a woman was on the throne makes no difference in his view of the abilities of women, because she was there by virtue of birth (and having no brothers) and not acquisition. Further, monarchs at the time were still seen to rule by divine right and not to be exactly as other mortals, and in Elizabeth's case you could say that as "the Virgin Queen"  she had indeed "unsexed" herself in order to successfully rule. What I admire about Shakespeare was that he was able to express the complexity of human emotions and drives in ways that still interest us 400 years later.
    Meanwhile, Dirty Rose sounds suitably complex. I love leathery notes (and rose of course) and do well with scents intended for men. Do please enter me into the draw.

  • I would love to enter the drawing. I think Shakespeare was no more or less sexist than anyone else of his time. The Peter Ackroyd biography is a terrific read. Tarja Halonen is my fave female leader!

  • chayaruchama says:

    Great take, my sister !
    I bought Dirty Rose when I first sniffed it at her trunk show at Spafumerie [ wow, that feels like a looong time ago ;-)]
    I love the stuff;as for Lady Macbeth, I used to quote her as a little girl.

  • In India, the assassinated Prime minister Indira Gandhi, was an extremely powerful figure. Law and order today are a shadow of what they were in her time. 
    She is said to have established herself with ruthlessness and cunning – maybe that's what it takes to get to power, which Lady Macbeth realized?
    And a lot of Lady Macbeths live long and make people miserable
    To me,  the will to dominate and wield power over others is a negative trait associated largely with men, but, fortunately, there arent a lot of men who have it, and, unfortunately, quite a few women who do.

  • I think that Shakespeare probably wasn't sexist when it was written. So many attitudes have changed over the years that it would be hard to say. If you are using the standard of today (super sensitive to anything that might be offensive), then probably. Back then….not so much.
    As for Dawn's creations, they are stunning. This one is no exception. Would love to own it in edp-please enter me in the draw!

  • sonia garcia says:

    Now we are almost equal with the guys, a big example is that in South America two of the biggest countries (Argentina and Brazil) have female presidents and that means a lot.

  • Queen Cupcake says:

    I really love every perfume of Dawn Spencer Hurwitz that I've tried, so please enter me in this drawing. My understanding is that she also designs jewelry, although I don't think that I have seen any…
    My favorite female head of state is also Golda Meir. My favorite head of the US Department of State has to be Madeleine Albright. Not only is she intelligent and highly perspicacious, but she really has the right stuff to be the consummate diplomat. I miss her…

  • What we believe about gender and power is based on a very short stretch of history that we — collectively — remember.  In Medieval ages, professional men (craftsmen, for instance) and even farmers worked at home or at the property and women went to the bazaars to sell their goods.  So, when we believe, based on Victorian notions, that the place of men was public and women's sphere was private, we neglect the rich history of the things being just the opposite way.   So I personally need to know more about the Rennaisance times to see where Shaekspeare was a product of his time and where he went more or less progressive.
    On the other hand, Dawn Spencer Hurwitz is amazing, and I would love to win her fragrance!

  • Wow, women, politics and perfume all in one post!  I haven't tried Dirty Rose so I'm grateful for the opportunity of a drawing.
     
    I admire Pakistan's Benazir Bhutto. Her father, who had also served as Prime Minister, had been hanged so she knew the dangers of her country's politics first hand.  However, she forged ahead, serving 2 terms as Prime Minister and was the first  woman to do so in an Islamic country.  She had a baby (her 3rd) while in office. Sadly, she was assassinated in 2007.

  • My favorite female leader was Ann Richards, Govenor of Texas.  While in office she appeared on the cover of Texas Monthly on a harley in white riding leathers.  She was very good at being strong and being a leader without denying her femininity.    She is, actually, the ultimate Dirty Rose.  I would love to wear this perfume in her honor.

  • I think judging by today's standards, Shakespeare would be considered sexist.  However, given the time, no.  I think that it's interesting to see the way Lady Macbeth changes over the course of the play.  Women may have that warrior/kill urge, however, we also have the "how this affects others" view.   Regret is a powerful emotion.

  • Are not all women strong? It is my belief that we are, and in a truly synergistic way. Would love to try Dawns Dirty Rose.

  • for those who are wondering why I chose Golda Meir.. it was because she preferred peace in the Middle East to War. “It is true we have won all our wars, but we have paid for them. We don’t want victories anymore’. A grandmother and a statesman…

  • DidierCholay says:

    It would be stupid to like Golda Meir because she was from my tribe, my religion, my country or my political side! All women share the highest human power: passing the life. But some women had or have the freedom and the strength to be and to show more. Golda Meir was one of them. She always wanted to act for the peace. Then these both countries were in war, several times Goldas Meir came by night to meet secretly  Hussein, King of Jordan (an another actor of peace).
    Shakespeare sexist? The question is possible for a man. But a theory says that Shakespeare was 7 men. In this case everybody understands that 7 men could't avoid to be sexist! (humor)

  • Perfume and Politics!!! I love it.. why isn't anyone taking the Shakespeare challenge of naming  actors,actresses and directors from the plays mentioned. hint Liz Taylor and Richard Burton starred in the movieTaming of the Shrew

  • Count me in as another fan of Golda – I think she was a remarkable woman.
    As far as Shakespeare goes, I consider him more a product of his times than a raging sexist. As far as willing  the "second best" bed to his wife, here's something I just read in Bill Bryson's "At Home" that puts it in a far more positive light:
    "For much of history a bed was, for most homeowners, the most valuable thing they owned. In William Shakespeare's day, for instance, a decent canopied bed cost £5 – half the annual salary of a typical schoolmaster. Because they were often treasured items the best bed was often kept downstairs, sometimes in the living room, where it could be better shown off to visitors – although often it was hardly used. A clause in Shakespeare's will left his second-best bed to his wife, Anne. This has been construed as an insult, when in fact the second-best bed was almost certainly the marital one and therefore the one with the most tender associations."

  • I think Shakespeare was a "victim" of his time , well the women were the victims he just had the mind-set. As an Englishwoman I would choose Elizabeth 11nd . She hasn't really done anything extraordinary but she has kept her dignity when her infuriating family must have driven her mad. It is said she never liked Thatcher so she can't be all bad for a Monarch.

  • What a wonderful overview of women and true liberation. Which in my mind has always existed in many women.
    I love the video, the article and how you juxtaposed the two.
    FANTASTIC…….Bravo!

  • http://www.amazon.com/Women-Rulers-throughout-Ages-Illustrated/dp/1576070913. Can't say which was my favorite, there were so many. Sexism is still rampant today right here in the United States, supposedly the most advanced nation on this planet. The number of women who hold office and/or run major corporations is still a very small percentage, even though women earn six out of every ten college degrees issued. Women still earn less than a man, for the exact same job, and are expected to pursue education that is typically associated with females: nursing, secretarial, teaching; as opposed to male dominated occupations such as engineering, law and accounting. Even the perfume industry is male dominated. Is this because men have a more acute sense of smell than women? I seriously doubt it. When women rise up and demand equal rights with men and stop pandering to their demands is when we will see true equality and not before then.   

  • I am currently reading the history of Cleopatra.  She is such a strong and intelligent woman.  There are so many misconceptions about her.  I have learned so much.  I would love to be entered into the drawing.

  • rosiegreen62 says:

    I think Shakespeare was a product of his times. Traditional thinking about women was that they are the weaker 
    sex. In Queen Elizabeth's case,she was royal, ie a completely different being. Please enter me in the draw.I have not yet had the chance to smell any DSH perfumes. 

  • As far as MACBETH goes, you seem to be forgetting the source of the real power in that play, and it's the three witches, who are female. I know, I played one of them. They are not evil- they are a force of nature and bring forth his fate.

  • Most people seem to like DSH's gourmands but I think her florals are great.  My favourite so far is Gelsomino.  I'd love to try this one.

  • d3m0lici0n says:

    As Sandi said before I also know for sure that all women are strong and truly to be admired and adored, I can't comment about politics because I don't know that much about it but I can say that on my behalf I really respect all women in my life. And also of course I'd love to win that Dirty Rose, I heard so many good things about that one.

  • I think that Shakespeare wouldn't still speak to us–to move us–if he was "just" a sexist. So while he of course was a product of his time, he was still able to create convincing portrayals of women that transcend time. (And I proudly call myself a feminist.)

  • Florazell   witches in  OLD testament  were good  or bad like the wizard of oz. white magic or black magic. Suffer a witch to live is a christian notion from the  middle ages burn them on the stake, etc.. Its not the subject of dirty rose or lady macbeth . So one day i will write  about witches and scent 🙂

  • I have never tried DSH perfumes and I would love to start with this one. I'm in the mood for roses 🙂
    I don't think Shakespeare was a sexist. At least I have never seen him that way. He created very intelligent and independent women, like Beatrice (Much ado about nothing).
    My favorite queen is Queen Sophia from Spain. She is discreet, elegant, approachable and friendly. She always has a smile for the people.

  • Anna in Edinburgh says:

    No-one's mentioned the mystery in Macbeth yet: what happened to Lady M's child??
    Where's the babe that she breast-fed?
    "I have given suck and know How tender 'tis to love the babe that milks me" is a pivotal speech in their relationship. Lady Macbeth's truly shocking claim:
    "I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums, And dashed the brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done to this."
    begs for comment but goes begging.
    One can only speculate but how damaged is she that she can talk of brutally murdering her child when we have no sign of that child in the play. Something that hints at deep reasons for her later instability? 
    From my understanding of Shakespeare, he was a conflicted product of his times and created conflicted male and female characters in his plays. If anyone thinks his characters are out-of-date or unsympathetically drawn by today's standards, they should consider the characters created by his close contemporaries. Yikes.
    cheerio, Anna in Edinburgh

  • After watching THe Young Victoria, Queen Vic has my vote for a powerful young woman as she took the throne! enter me…

  • Scentabulous says:

    Cedar, tobacco, leather and rose … OMG!  What an amazing creation this sounds to be.  As are all of us who are woman.  I am excited and tested daily because I am a woman.  My tastes, particularly in scent, are not typical of my gender … nor is my demeanor in many ways.  Yes, women rule.  And men know it.  Which is why Shakespeare portrayed us in such a way. 
    Great piece CaFleureBon!

  • The hand that rocks the cradle is the hand that rules the world!  That would be us!!   After reading about Margaret Thatcher and Golda Meir,,,they get my vote as strong female leaders.  Don't forget Mother Teresa of Calcutta,,,whose compassion was equally important!
    Love DHS frags.  I have visited her shop in Boulder and purchased a few scents.  Would love to try Dirty Rose!!!!

  • Interesting article,have never perceived Shakespeare as sexist,all those wonderful women like Cordelia,Beatrice from Much Ado,Juliet,Viola from Twelfth Night,and the list could go on and on!Frailty thy name is woman-poor Hamlet feels disgusted with his mother!Even though in this play the women are not as interesting and strong as in others,I love it,saw Daniel Day Lewis many years ago in London-so many amazing Hamlets,above all Lawrence Olivier,one of my favourite German actresses played him at the age of 58(Angela Winkler),then there was Sarah Bernard-oh I'm not going to win this one!Just one last thing,there are quite a few people who don't believe that the man who left the bed to his wife wrote any of those plays,these people include Orson Welles,Mark Twain and Sigmund Freud!

  • My favorite modern female head of state is Michelle Bachelet, former president of Chile, now Executive Director of UN Women.  I admire her for the courage to be part of Chile's resistance after her father was disappeared under Pinochet, for her commitment to women's rights including morning after pills to rape victims in a Catholic country, and for her dedication to providing health care for the poor.
    Blonde tobacco is one of my favorite notes–I just used it in a masculine Ernest-Hemingway-inspired soap. 🙂 I'd love to experience how DSH pairs it with rose.

  • Scentabulous says:

    Me too … Cleopatra … and I dare say, I think she might like a Dirty Rose … I do.

  • I have two points here. One: In Shakespeare’s time, the best bed in the house was the guest bedroom. The second-best bed was the marital bed. Changes the meaning, eh?

    I’ll leave you with the points that you made and not dissect them further, but instead simply point you to a passage. Look to Emilia’s speech in the last scene in Act IV of Othello. It is one of the greatest and underrated speeches in all of Shakespeare and shows an empathy towards women that very, very few men possessed in this time period. In fact, in many of Shakespeare’s plays, we see Shakespeare presenting women in a far more positive light than his contemporaries. Is rejecting the “milk of human kindness” really a good thing in Shakespeare’s eyes? It is oftentimes difficult to separate Shakespeare’s opinions with those of his characters.